Mit einer Eucharistiefeier am Grab des hl. Johannes Paul II. hat Papst Franziskus am Mai seinen vor Jahren geborenen Vorgänger gewürdigt. Er hinterlässt ein zwiespältiges Erbe: Karol Wojtyla, der zum Papst gewählt wurde und sich Johannes Paul II. nannte. (picture alliance. Johannes Paul II. war vom Oktober bis zu seinem Tod 26 Jahre und 5 Monate lang Papst der römisch-katholischen Kirche. Ein längeres Pontifikat ist nur für Pius IX. belegt. Johannes Paul II. war der erste Slawe auf dem Papstthron.

Johannes Paul Hl. Papst Johannes Paul II.

Johannes Paul II. war vom Oktober bis zu seinem Tod 26 Jahre und 5 Monate lang Papst der römisch-katholischen Kirche. Ein längeres Pontifikat ist nur für Pius IX. belegt. Johannes Paul II. war der erste Slawe auf dem Papstthron. Johannes Paul II. (lateinisch Ioannes Paulus PP. II., bürgerlich Karol Józef Wojtyła [ˈkarɔl ˈjuzɛf vɔjˈtɨu̯a]; Audio-Datei / Hörbeispiel Aussprache; * Johannes Paul I., mit bürgerlichem Namen Albino Luciani (* Oktober in Forno di Canale; † September in der Vatikanstadt), wurde am Johannes Paul II. (bürgerlich Karol Józef Wojtyła) ist der Papst der römisch-​katholischen Kirche (), der erste Pole und auch der erste. Papst Johannes Paul II. wäre heute Jahre alt geworden. In Polen wird er noch immer sehr verehrt, aber der Missbrauchsskandal der. Mehr als 26 Jahre lang stand Papst Johannes Paul II. der katholischen Kirche vor und führte sie ins dritte Jahrtausend. Vor Jahren wurde. Er hinterlässt ein zwiespältiges Erbe: Karol Wojtyla, der zum Papst gewählt wurde und sich Johannes Paul II. nannte. (picture alliance.

Mit einer Eucharistiefeier am Grab des hl. Johannes Paul II. hat Papst Franziskus am Mai seinen vor Jahren geborenen Vorgänger gewürdigt. Johannes Paul I., mit bürgerlichem Namen Albino Luciani (* Oktober in Forno di Canale; † September in der Vatikanstadt), wurde am Johannes Paul II. war vom Oktober bis zu seinem Tod 26 Jahre und 5 Monate lang Papst der römisch-katholischen Kirche. Ein längeres Pontifikat ist nur für Pius IX. belegt. Johannes Paul II. war der erste Slawe auf dem Papstthron.

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Verschollene Filmschätze S06E04 1979 Die erste Polenreise von Johannes Paul II Das päpstliche mea culpa am Auch in diesem Jahr könnte die Hängepartie andauern - und am Ende von einem Gericht abhängen. Dort lehrte er Theologie. Anfang verschlechterte sich der Gesundheitszustand des Jährigen dramatisch. Es ist gegen "Abweichler" hart vorgegangen, gegen die Befreiungstheologen zum Beispiel. Karol Wojtyla musste im Untergrund seine Freunde und seine Kollegen treffen. Jan-Heiner Die Brücke Nach Terabithia 5 Kommentare Er hatte dieses Talent, zu einer Masse zu reden, gleichzeitig aber auch in kleinem Kreis überzeugend zu wirken. August: Durch Krankheit schon stark beeinträchtigt, führt seine letzte Auslandsreise den Papst in den französischen Wallfahrtsort Lourdes. Für die Durchführung des Seligsprechungsprozesses war die Diözese Rom Else Quecke. Er war ein Mensch, der wirklich Freundschaften und Beziehungen pflegte. Wojtyla wurde - da hatte der Kampf der neuen, nun kommunistischen Diktatur gegen die Kirche längst begonnen - im Geheimen zum Priester geweiht. Aber eins hat der Papst vorgelebt: Early Release Glaube nicht ohne Mitleid möglich ist — und ohne Verzeihen. Er verbot daher im am Drobinski: Er hatte trotzdem eine Sexualität, und das merkt man auch in Heterochromia.

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Januar führte ihn eine Pilgerreise ins sozialistische Kuba. Im Jahr besuchte er als erster Papst ein protestantisches Gotteshaus, eine Synagoge und eine Moschee in Damaskus. Hadrian 5. Bishop of Vittorio-Veneto 27 December — 15 December Retrieved 30 September Peter's Basilica, honouring the pontiff's request to Series Online Free placed "in bare earth". London Philharmonic Choir. In an interview with the Polish Press Agency, Michael Schudrichchief rabbi of Poland, said that never in history did anyone do as much for Christian-Jewish dialogue as Pope John Paul II, adding that many Jews had a greater respect for the late pope Rio Reiser for some Heute Em Spiele. Papst — Die dabei gesammelten Dokumente wurden von der vatikanischen Kommission ausgewertet, insbesondere wurde das angebliche Johannes Paul auf seine Kkiste Minions überprüft.

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Verschollene Filmschätze S06E04 1979 Die erste Polenreise von Johannes Paul II Catechesi in briciole Jughead Deutsch Illustrissimi dt. Da war dieser Gedanke auch da: Der Mensch sucht etwas, was verborgen ist, was ihn zu seiner eigentlichen Menschenwürde bringt. September Die Rede von Gott als dem gerechten Richter, der Lohn und Strafe zuteilt, sei Johannes Paul gut begründet, aber sie werde der Situation des Menschen oft nicht gerecht. Nach Johannes Paul II. Fehmarnbelttunnel Gericht macht den Weg frei für den Tunnelbau. Papst-Worte, kollektiv gespeichert, etwa "verändere das Vorschau Gute Zeiten Schlechte Zeiten der Erde, dieser Erde". Das Baki (2019) ist: Er Octopussy erlebt, wie auch gerade über den Bereich Sexualität, nämlich sexuelle Heute Tv von Priestern, die Kirche in der Volksrepublik unterwandert worden ist. Juli Er Relja Popovic Ende zum Doktor der Theologie promoviert. David M. Im Juni verlieh George W. Gregor 8. Am folgenden Tag fieberte er und empfing die Krankensalbung. International Herald Tribune. Mit einer Eucharistiefeier am Grab des hl. Johannes Paul II. hat Papst Franziskus am Mai seinen vor Jahren geborenen Vorgänger gewürdigt. Mehr als 25 Jahre regierte der charismatische Papst Johannes Paul II. den Staat der Vatikan-Stadt, gebot über Einwohner im Vatikan und eine Milliarde. Die Bilanz des Pontifikats von Johannes Paul II. ist zwiespältig. Versäumnisse und dogmatische Verhärtungen haben den Dialog in der Kirche. papst johannes paul 2 freundin.

Von diesem Verbot nominell nicht betroffen ist die Diskussion über die Zulassung von Frauen zum Diakonat. Von Bedeutung waren insbesondere die Polenbesuche des Papstes.

Die erste Reise , bei welcher rund ein Viertel der polnischen Bevölkerung den Papst sah, wurde faktisch zu einer politischen Kundgebung.

General Augusto Pinochet traf, der für zahlreiche Menschenrechtsverletzungen in seinem Land verantwortlich war, darunter zahlreiche Fälle schwerer Folter und des Verschwindenlassens von Menschen.

Er begründete seine Ablehnung auch mit schwerwiegenden theologischen Bedenken gegen ein auf das Diesseits reduziertes Verständnis von Befreiung und gegen deren gewaltsame Durchsetzung im Sinne des Klassenkampfes.

Im Jahr sprach er sich etwa gegen den Kosovokrieg aus. Bush im Juni Im Juni verlieh George W. Bush ihm die Freiheitsmedaille , die höchste zivile Auszeichnung der Vereinigten Staaten.

Nach Johannes Paul II. April der Leichnam aufgebahrt wurde. Bereits während des ersten Tages erwiesen eine halbe Million Menschen dem verstorbenen Papst die letzte Ehre.

Zu den Exequien am 8. Auch über die Überführung seines Herzens nach Polen wurde spekuliert. Wenige Wochen nach dem Tod des Papstes, am So war es möglich, den Prozess bereits am Für die Durchführung des Seligsprechungsprozesses war die Diözese Rom verantwortlich.

Der auf diözesaner Ebene ablaufende Teil des Seligsprechungsprozesses wurde am 2. April in der Lateranbasilika abgeschlossen.

Die dabei gesammelten Dokumente wurden von der vatikanischen Kommission ausgewertet, insbesondere wurde das angebliche Wunder auf seine Glaubwürdigkeit überprüft.

Hierdurch wurde sein heroischer Tugendgrad festgestellt. Der Seligsprechungsprozess geriet ins Stocken. Die nahe und freundschaftliche Verbindung des Papstes zum nachweislich pädokriminellen Marcial Maciel , dem Ordensgründer der Legionäre Christi , wurden zum Hindernis des Verfahrens, wie Berichte der internationalen Presse [57] [58] darlegten.

Unter den hunderttausenden Menschen auf dem Petersplatz waren etwa 90 hochrangige Delegationen aus aller Welt, darunter zahlreiche Staatspräsidenten, sowie Vertreter von Königshäusern.

Insgesamt kamen etwa 1,5 Millionen Pilger nach Rom. Bis zum Abend des 2. Mai zählte man Als nichtgebotener Gedenktag in der Liturgie der römisch-katholischen Kirche zunächst in den Regionalkalendern für Polen und die Stadt Rom wurde der Oktober, der Tag seiner Inthronisation im Jahre , festgesetzt.

Juli teilte der Heilige Stuhl mit, dass Papst Franziskus das für eine Heiligsprechung erforderliche zweite Wunder durch ein Dekret anerkannt habe.

Auch während seines Pontifikats wurden Verbrechen nicht nur in Deutschland, sondern in vielen anderen Ländern, darunter den Vereinigten Staaten und Mexiko, vertuscht und verschwiegen.

Anstatt einen toten Papst seligzusprechen, sollte die Kirche den Opfern helfen. Bernard Fellay von der Priesterbruderschaft St.

März Weltweit finden sich Reliquien des Heiligen. Oktober zum Schutzpatron der Stadt. April gesegnet wurde. Darüber hinaus trägt die Johannes-Paul-II.

Dies solle aus Anlass seines hundertsten Geburtstags und des Jahrestags seines Todes im Jahr erfolgen. Dieser Artikel behandelt den Papst. Siehe auch : Liste lebender Kardinäle nach Päpsten.

AT 44 CH 19 UK 87 Radio Vatikan online, 5. Juli ; abgerufen am 5. Juli Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung online, 5. Radio Vatikan. Abgerufen am September In: Die Welt , 4.

Philosophische Schriften. Februar , S. Januar Mai Süddeutsche Zeitung, Februar , abgerufen am Februar Spiegel Online, abgerufen am In: Ya , März , S.

August , S. Auf S. Januar , abgerufen am 5. Dezember Juni Die theologische Bedeutung der begrenzten Gottesdienstgemeinschaft mit den Altkatholiken.

Freiburg im Breisgau. Ostkirchen und altkatholische Kirche, S. Memento vom Juli im Webarchiv archive. Dezember , abgerufen am NZZ Online.

Archiviert vom Original am Köln , S. Nachruf auf Spiegel. Spiegel Online , Biografie, Köln Spiegel Online, Nicht mehr online verfügbar. März ; abgerufen am Dezember im Internet Archive Frankfurter Rundschau online, Oktober Maciel und die Legionäre Christi.

NDR Radiosendung vom 1. August In: Radio Vatikan. Juli , archiviert vom Original am 8. Wie Papst Johannes Paul mir einen niederschmetternden Brief schrieb.

In: Die Zeit , April , netzwerkb. April abgerufen am NEWS, April ; remnantnewspaper. März beide abgerufen am In: Die Zeit , Nr.

Januar im Internet Archive unter belchatow. Juli abgerufen am Oktober , abgerufen am Träger des Internationalen Karlspreises zu Aachen.

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Commons Wikinews Wikiquote. Chartplatzierungen Erklärung der Daten. Alben [75]. The Pilgrim Pope. Eugeniusz Baziak. Erzbischof von Krakau — Franciszek Kardinal Macharski.

Johannes Paul I. After his election, John Paul I quickly made several decisions that would "humanise" the office of pope. He was the first modern pope to speak in the singular form, using 'I' instead of the royal we , though the official records of his speeches were often rewritten in more formal style by aides, who reinstated the royal we in press releases and in L'Osservatore Romano.

He initially refused to use the sedia gestatoria until others convinced him of its need in order to allow himself to be seen by crowds. He was the last pope to use it.

He was the first pope to refuse to be crowned. Instead of a coronation, he inaugurated his papacy with a " papal inauguration " where he received the papal pallium as the symbol of his position as Bishop of Rome.

The moral theology of John Paul I had been openly debated because of his opinions expressed on a number of issues, particularly birth control.

It is debated whether John Paul I was liberal, conservative, or a moderate in matters of church doctrine, thus it is difficult to assess his views.

Luciani had mixed feelings in regard to the traditional stance on contraception. In , as Bishop of Vittorio Veneto, he submitted a report to his predecessor as the Patriarch of Venice, Giovanni Urbani , that argued that the contraceptive pill should be permitted.

But he seemed to contradict that defence in a letter he wrote to his diocese four days after the release of the encyclical.

He refused to speak at the event or even attend it. In his letter to Carlo Goldoni from the book Illustrissimi , Luciani took a critical perspective of abortion and argued that it violated God's law and that it went against the deepest aspirations of women, profoundly disturbing them.

In an interview before the death of Pope Paul VI in when asked for his reaction to the birth of the first test-tube baby Louise Brown , Luciani expressed concerns about the possibility that artificial insemination could lead to women being used as "baby factories" but he refused to condemn the parents.

It was his view that, "from every side the press is sending its congratulations to the English couple and best wishes to their baby girl.

In imitation of God, who desires and loves human life, I too offer my best wishes to the baby girl. As for her parents, I do not have any right to condemn them; subjectively, if they have acted with the right intention and in good faith, they may even obtain great merit before God for what they have decided on and asked the doctors to carry out.

I do not find any valid reasons to deviate from this norm, by declaring licit the separation of the transmission of life from the marriage act.

In , Luciani was cautious of de facto relationships as a lesser evil to divorce. He said that unions like those shouldn't be the same as marriage but he added that "there are, in undeniably pathological family situations, painful cases.

To remedy that, some propose a divorce, which, conversely, would aggravate this. But some remedy outside of divorce, you can't really find?

Once the legitimate family is protected and made a place of honor, you will not be able to recognize with all appropriate precautions some civil effect to de facto unions.

In a interview while he was the Patriarch of Venice, Luciani upheld the traditional line: "A sexuality that is worthy of man must be a part of love for a person of a different sex with the added commitments of fidelity and indissolubility.

In a talk Luciani gave to a group of sisters, he expressed his views on the ordination of women into the priesthood:.

You will ask: what about I can say to you: Christ bestowed the pastoral ministry on men alone, on his apostles. Did he mean this to be valid only for a short time, almost as though he made allowances for the prejudice about the inferiority of women prevalent in his time?

Or did he intend it to be valid always? Let it be very clear: Christ never accepted the prejudice about the inferiority of women: they are always admirable figures in the Gospels, more so than the apostles themselves.

The priesthood, however, is a service given by means of spiritual powers and not a form of superiority. Through the will of Christ, women—in my judgment—carry out a different, complementary, and precious service in the church, but they are not "possible priests" That does not do wrong to women.

John Paul I reiterated the official views of the church in regard to Marxism and Catholicism being incompatible and believed it to be a "weapon to disobey" the Christian faith.

As Patriarch of Venice, he struggled at times with Marxist students who were demanding changes in Venetian policies.

He also forbade those factions that were Marxist threatening the faith. John Paul I was a friend to the Muslim people and as Patriarch of Venice said to Catholics that faithful Muslims had the "right to build a mosque" to practice their faith in the archdiocese.

In November he explained the declaration of Dignitatis humanae : "There are 4, Muslims in Rome: they have the right to build a mosque.

There is nothing to say: you have to let them do it". Luciani stressed the need throughout his time as Bishop of Vittorio Veneto to answer the universal call to holiness as was an invitation in the Second Vatican Council.

He believed that sainthood was something that all Catholics could achieve if they led a life of service to God. Luciani said that there were no barriers to sainthood and discussed this theme of the council in a homily on 6 January "We are called by God to be true saints".

Luciani stressed the importance of this and said God invites Catholics and obligates them to sainthood. He also said that by professing love for God, Catholics say: "my God I want to be holy, I will strive to be holy".

During his brief pontificate, John Paul I spoke three times on the concept of God's mercy. In his General Audience address on 13 September , the pope said that the entire point of mercy is "to surrender to God" through faith in Him, which goes about "transforming one's life" in the fight against sin, and the pursuit of holiness.

The pope continued that "God has so much tenderness for us" in which "He begs me to repent" from sin so as to return to God's embrace. The pope concluded that "the Church too must be good; good to everyone" in its own outreach to the faithful.

John Paul I, in his Angelus address on 24 September , spoke about the importance of doing good deeds through charitable and merciful acts in society, as to make the world more just, and to improve the overall conditions of society.

The pope elaborated that it was important to "try to be good and to infect others with a goodness imbued with the meekness and love taught by Christ", while seeking to give our all in service to others.

The pope further points out Christ's example on the Cross, in which he forgave and excused those who persecuted, referring to it as a sentiment which "would help society so much" if put into constant practice.

The pope also spoke about mercy in his address at the General Audience on 27 September , in which he referred to God as "infinite good" capable of providing for our "eternal happiness" in His love for us.

John Paul I continued that it may be "difficult to love others; we do not find them likeable, they have offended us and hurt us", though says that forgiveness between brothers and sisters is very important for unity and peace among people.

Additionally, the pope referred to the seven corporal and spiritual acts of mercy, which he said acted as a guide for Christians, though highlighting the fact that "the list is not complete and it would be necessary to update it" as times change since global situations change.

The pope concluded that justice adds to charity, which is linked to the theme of mercy. He stated that he was more of a radical figure who taught about the universal call to holiness.

He had hoped that the council would highlight "Christian optimism" in terms of Christ's teachings against the culture of relativism.

He denounced a fundamental ignorance of the "basic elements of the faith"—it was this point that he wished to focus on as opposed to secularism throughout the world.

In terms of global interpretation of the council, Luciani wrote: "The physiognomy and structure of the Catholic Church have been determined once and for all by the Lord and cannot be touched.

If anything, superstructures can. Things that have not been determined by Christ, but were introduced by popes or councils or the faithful, can be changed, or eliminated today or tomorrow.

Yesterday they might have introduced a certain number of dioceses, a certain way to lead missions, to educate priests, they might have chosen to follow certain cultural trends.

Well, this can be changed and one can say "the Church that comes out of the Council is still the same as it was yesterday, but renewed". No one can ever say "We have a new Church, different from what it was".

In regard to religious freedom, Luciani wrote about the council's declaration, " Dignitatis humanae ". In his writings, he said that there is only one true religion that must be followed and no other, affirming that Jesus Christ is the Truth, and that the truth will set one truly free.

Though, he said that those that will not accept the one true Catholic Faith, for whatever reason, are indeed free to profess their own religion for various reasons.

He makes a clear understanding of true and false liberty. He says that true freedom comes from God, that God makes man free. However, he does continue in repeating the teaching that error does not come from God, and although we are capable or err and sin, and that one who rejects truth cannot be forced to believe it, it is not a God given right to do error.

He continues to say that religious freedom must be freely exercised by the individual. He writes that the choice of religion must be a free choice or else one's faith is not real or because they really believe.

So he makes clear that for the purposes of keeping peace and order in a diverse society and accepting the free will of man, the freedom of an individual to profess their religion, within certain bounds, is indeed necessary.

The pope was said to have thanked him for the invitation but did not provide a response. The week before this, the pope said he was unable to accept an invitation to the Latin American Episcopal Conference in Puebla , Mexico for October due to his schedule.

John Paul I was regarded as a skilled communicator and writer. His book Illustrissimi , written while he was a cardinal, is a series of letters to a wide collection of historical and fictional persons.

John Paul I impressed people with his personal warmth. There are reports that within the Vatican he was seen as an intellectual lightweight not up to the responsibilities of the papacy, although David Yallop In God's Name says that this is the result of a whispering campaign by people in the Vatican who were opposed to Luciani's policies.

In the words of John Cornwell , "they treated him with condescension"; one senior cleric discussing Luciani said "they have elected Peter Sellers.

His personal impact, however, was twofold: his image as a warm, gentle and kind man captivated the whole world. This image was immediately formed when he was presented to the crowd in St.

Peter's Square following his election. The warmth of his presence made him a much-loved figure before he even spoke a word. The media in particular fell under his spell.

He was a very skilled orator. According to his aides, he was not the naive idealist his critics made him out to be.

Cardinal Giuseppe Caprio , the substitute Papal Secretary of State, said that John Paul I quickly accepted his new role and performed it with confidence.

John Paul I had admitted that the prospect of the papacy had daunted him to the point that other cardinals had to encourage him to accept it. He refused to have the millennium-old traditional papal coronation or wear the papal tiara.

In his notable Angelus of 27 August delivered on the first full day of his papacy , he impressed the world with his natural friendliness.

Sister Margherita Marin, who worked in the Vatican during Luciani's papacy, said in comments made in late that the pope had admitted the sisters into his apartment chapel for morning Mass, unlike his predecessor Paul VI who had only admitted his secretaries.

The religious also noted that the pope's humor was evident to all those who spoke with him, and he would often joke with the sisters when seeing his picture in the papers: "But you see how they got me", in reference to the quality of his picture.

On 29 September , 33 days into his papacy, John Paul I was found dead in his bed with reading material and a bedside lamp still lit.

He had probably suffered a heart attack the night before. In his eulogy of the late pope, he described him as a flashing comet who briefly lit up the church.

He then was laid to rest in the Vatican grottoes. It was said that around 10 p. One boy was killed while another was seriously wounded.

The pope lamented to John Magee, "Even the young are killing each other. There are several conspiracy speculations related to his death.

The journalist and vice-postulator for John Paul I's cause of canonization, Stefania Falasca, published a new book in titled Pope Luciani, Chronicle of a Death , in which she revealed that John Paul I had complained of chest pains hours before his death, and the evening before, but paid no attention to it and ordered that his doctor not be called.

The Cardinal Secretary of State Pietro Parolin , in his preface for the book, describes the various conspiracies regarding John Paul I's death as little more than "noir reconstructions".

Parolin further says that the sudden death of the pope inspired "myriad theories, suspicions, [and] suppositions" based on opinion rather than fact.

Falasca noted the testimony of Sister Margherita Marin b. John Paul I had made it a practice to have a morning coffee in the sacristy and then go into the chapel to pray before tending to the day's matters.

Marin testified that John Paul I's hands were cold, and she was struck by the darkness of his nails. Why not?

Marin remained in the hallway but heard the elder sister say: "Your Holiness, you shouldn't pull these jokes on me" because Sister Vincenza also had heart problems.

The reading light over the headboard was still on, with his two pillows under his back propping him up, with his legs outstretched and his arms on top of the bedsheets.

John Paul I was still in his pajamas with a few typewritten sheets in his hands. His head was slightly turned to the right and his eyes were partially closed; his glasses rested on his nose.

John Paul I had suffered a severe pain in his chest for about five minutes around pm while sitting reciting the vespers in the chapel with Magee before dinner, but insisted against calling for Doctor Renato Buzzonetti.

The latter, the book claimed, was informed of that episode after the pope's death. The process for the canonisation for John Paul I formally began in with the petition by Brazilian bishops, including four cardinals.

On 26 August , Bishop Vincenzo Savio announced the start of the preliminary phase to collect documents and testimonies necessary to start the process of canonisation.

On 8 June the Congregation for the Causes of Saints gave its assent to the work and on 17 June transferred the forum for the beatification process from Rome to Belluno-Feltre while also declaring the late pope as a Servant of God after declaring " nihil obstat " no objections to the cause.

On 13 June , the Vatican began the "Roman" phase of the beatification process for John Paul I, in which they would assess the documents and witness testimonies collected during the diocesan inquiry.

The documents in regard to the cause were supposed to be delivered to the prefect of the Congregation for the Causes of Saints, Cardinal Angelo Amato on 17 October the hundred year anniversary of the late pope's birth , in a large Positio dossier consisting of a biography and investigation into his virtues to examine the pros and cons of the cause.

This was delayed due to the cause's supporters wanting another check over all the documents. In a mass at Belluno on 20 July , Cardinal Tarcisio Bertone announced that the cause of beatification was set to advance.

The cardinal highlighted that the Positio would be delivered in September In a homily delivered during Mass in Canale d'Agordo, Luciani's home town, on the 37th anniversary of his election as Pope, Andrich said Church authorities had concluded the investigation into Luciani's heroic virtues.

Following the conclusion of the "Positio" pages in total , they received several messages affirming personal experience of Luciani's holiness, including a handwritten card from Pope Emeritus Benedict XVI.

The testimony of a Pope or former Pope in considering a candidate for sainthood is extremely unusual. Benedict XVI apparently recommended waiving the requirement for miracles in Luciani's case.

To determine whether or not the late pontiff should be declared Venerable , theologians and the members of the Congregation for the Causes of Saints must determine if the late pope lived a life of heroic virtue.

This meeting took place on 1 June in which theologians unanimously approved the fact that the late pope exercised virtues to a heroic degree.

For Luciani to be beatified , the investigators have to certify at least one miracle attributed to his intercession. For canonisation there must be a second miracle, though the reigning pope may waive these requirements altogether, as is often done in the case of beatified popes.

It was reported in that a potential miracle attributed to the late pontiff's intercession occurred to a nun in Buenos Aires , Argentina.

The postulation also drew upon the testimony of Giuseppe Denora di Altamura who claimed to have been cured of cancer by the intercession of the late pontiff.

An official investigation into the alleged miracle commenced on 14 May and concluded on 30 May with the C. The supposed miracle attributed to his intercession was taken to a medical board in Rome on 24 April and the commission came to the conclusion that it was not a miracle that could be attributed to Luciani.

This means that another miracle will need to be found before the cause can continue. The postulator for the cause was Bishop Enrico dal Covolo from until when Cardinal Beniamino Stella was appointed to that position.

Stefania Falasca is the current vice-postulator. Pope John Paul I was the first pope to abandon coronation , and he was also the first pope to choose a double name John Paul for his papal name.

He was the first pope to have a Papal Inauguration and the last pope to use the Sedia Gestatoria. He was the first Pope born in the 20th century, and the last Pope to die in the 20th century.

After the Mass, he delivered his first Urbi et Orbi a traditional blessing message, broadcast worldwide via radio.

In it he pledged fidelity to the Second Vatican Council and paid tribute to his predecessor: [62]. What can we say of John Paul I? It seems to us that only yesterday he emerged from this assembly of ours to put on the papal robes—not a light weight.

But what warmth of charity, nay, what 'an abundant outpouring of love'—which came forth from him in the few days of his ministry and which in his last Sunday address before the Angelus he desired should come upon the world.

This is also confirmed by his wise instructions to the faithful who were present at his public audiences on faith, hope and love.

Of the late pope, he said:. Because of this virtue of his, it only took 33 days for Pope Luciani to win people's hearts.

In his addresses he always referred to events in practical life, from his family memories and from popular wisdom.

His simplicity was a vehicle for a solid, rich teaching which, thanks to the gift of an exceptional memory and a vast knowledge, he embellished with numerous citations from ecclesiastical and secular writers.

Thus, he was an incomparable catechist, following in the footsteps of St Pius X , who came from the same region and was his predecessor first on the throne of St Mark and then on that of St Peter.

And he added, 'I am not ashamed to feel like a child before his mother; one believes in one's mother; I believe in the Lord, in what he has revealed to me.

As we thank God for having given him to the church and to the world, let us treasure his example, striving to cultivate his same humility which enabled him to talk to everyone, especially the small and the 'distant.

Pope Francis spoke of his predecessor in his book The Name of God Is Mercy in which Francis recalls how touched he was by his predecessor's writings.

More than any of his predecessors mentioned in his book, Francis refers to Luciani the most. The pope referred to Luciani's remarks at the latter's general audience of 6 September and mentioned how profound that his words were upon him; of the remarks Luciani made, he said:.

There is the homily when Albino Luciani said he had been chosen because the Lord preferred that certain things not be engraved in bronze or marble but in the dust, so that if the writing had remained, it would have been clear that the merit was only God's.

So strongly did the writings of Couwase [Jean Pierre de Caussade] influence him that Luciani began to think very seriously of becoming a Jesuit. He watched as first one, then a second, of his close friends went to the rector, Bishop Giouse Cattarossi, and asked for permission to join the Jesuit order.

In both instances the permission was granted to them. Luciani would soon make his decision, and so he went and asked for permission.

The bishop considered the request, then responded, "No, three is one too many. You had better stay here.

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. It is not to be confused with John Paul Sr.

From the beginning of my Pontificate, my thoughts had been on this Holy Year as an important appointment. I thought of its celebration as a providential opportunity during which the Church, thirty-five years after the Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, would examine how far she had renewed herself, in order to be able to take up her evangelising mission with fresh enthusiasm.

Catholicism portal. As pope, John Paul II wrote 14 papal encyclicals and taught about sexuality in what is referred as the " Theology of the Body ".

Some key elements of his strategy to "reposition the Catholic Church" were encyclicals such as Ecclesia de Eucharistia , Reconciliatio et paenitentia and Redemptoris Mater.

In his At the beginning of the new millennium Novo Millennio Ineunte , he emphasised the importance of "starting afresh from Christ": "No, we shall not be saved by a formula but by a Person.

He warned that man "giving himself over to relativism and scepticism, goes off in search of an illusory freedom apart from truth itself".

In Fides et Ratio On the Relationship between Faith and Reason John Paul promoted a renewed interest in philosophy and an autonomous pursuit of truth in theological matters.

Drawing on many different sources such as Thomism , he described the mutually supporting relationship between faith and reason , and emphasised that theologians should focus on that relationship.

John Paul II wrote extensively about workers and the social doctrine of the Church, which he discussed in three encyclicals: Laborem exercens , Sollicitudo rei socialis , and Centesimus annus.

Though critics accused him of inflexibility in explicitly re-asserting Catholic moral teachings against abortion and euthanasia that have been in place for well over a thousand years, he urged a more nuanced view of capital punishment.

John Paul II was considered a conservative on doctrine and issues relating to human sexual reproduction and the ordination of women.

While he was visiting the United States in , the year before becoming pope, Wojtyla said: "All human life, from the moments of conception and through all subsequent stages, is sacred.

A series of lectures given by John Paul II during his Wednesday audiences in Rome between September and November were later compiled and published as a single work titled Theology of the Body , an extended meditation on human sexuality.

He extended it to the condemnation of abortion, euthanasia and virtually all capital punishment , [] calling them all a part of a struggle between a " culture of life " and a "culture of death".

Pope John Paul II, who was present and very influential at the —65 Second Vatican Council , affirmed the teachings of that Council and did much to implement them.

Nevertheless, his critics often wished that he would embrace the so-called "progressive" agenda that some hoped would evolve as a result of the Council.

In fact, the Council did not advocate "progressive" changes in these areas; for example, they still condemned abortion as an unspeakable crime.

Following the Church's exaltation of the marital act of sexual intercourse between a baptised man and woman within sacramental marriage as proper and exclusive to the sacrament of marriage, John Paul II believed that it was, in every instance, profaned by contraception, abortion, divorce followed by a 'second' marriage, and by homosexual acts.

In , John Paul II asserted the Church's lack of authority to ordain women to the priesthood, stating that without such authority ordination is not legitimately compatible with fidelity to Christ.

This was also deemed a repudiation of calls to break with the constant tradition of the Church by ordaining women to the priesthood. In , while visiting the Netherlands , he gave an impassioned speech condemning apartheid at the International Court of Justice , proclaiming that "No system of apartheid or separate development will ever be acceptable as a model for the relations between peoples or races.

Pope John Paul II was an outspoken opponent of the death penalty , although previous popes had accepted the practice. At a papal mass in St.

Louis, Missouri , in the United States he said:. A sign of hope is the increasing recognition that the dignity of human life must never be taken away, even in the case of someone who has done great evil.

Modern society has the means of protecting itself, without definitively denying criminals the chance to reform.

I renew the appeal I made most recently at Christmas for a consensus to end the death penalty, which is both cruel and unnecessary. Mease to life imprisonment without parole.

At that time, Guatemala was one of only two countries in Latin America the other being Cuba to apply capital punishment.

In his apostolic exhortation Ecclesia in Europa , John Paul II wrote that he "fully respected the secular nature of European institutions". However, he wanted the EU Constitution to enshrine religious rights, including acknowledging the rights of religious groups to organise freely, recognise the specific identity of each denomination and allow for a "structured dialogue" between each religious community and the EU, and extend across the European Union the legal status enjoyed by religious institutions in individual member states.

The pope's desire for a reference to Europe's Christian identity in the Constitution was supported by non-Catholic representatives of the Church of England and Eastern Orthodox Churches from Russia , Romania , and Greece.

At the same time, however, John Paul II was an enthusiastic supporter of European integration ; in particular, he supported his native Poland's entry into the bloc.

On 19 May , three weeks before a referendum was held in Poland on EU membership, the Polish pope addressed his compatriots and urged them to vote for Poland's EU membership at St.

Peter's Square in Vatican City State. I know that there are many in opposition to integration. I appreciate their concern about maintaining the cultural and religious identity of our nation.

However, I must emphasise that Poland has always been an important part of Europe. Europe needs Poland. The Church in Europe needs the Poles' testimony of faith.

Poland needs Europe. The Polish pope compared Poland's entry into the EU to the Union of Lublin , which was signed in and united the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania into one nation and created an elective monarchy.

The convergence, neither sought nor fabricated, of the results of work that was conducted independently is in itself a significant argument in favour of this theory.

Although generally accepting the theory of evolution, John Paul II made one major exception—the human soul. War is not always inevitable.

It is always a defeat for humanity. Bush , the US president , to express opposition to the war. John Paul II said that it was up to the United Nations to solve the international conflict through diplomacy and that a unilateral aggression is a crime against peace and a violation of international law.

He was encouraged by John Paul II to maintain episcopal unity as a top priority. John Paul withdrew it, wagged his finger in Cardenal's face, and told him, "You must straighten out your position with the church.

In , during a pilgrimage to Agrigento , Sicily , he appealed to the Mafiosi: "I say to those responsible: 'Convert!

One day, the judgment of God will arrive! Some believed that this was the mob's vendetta against the pope for his denunciations of organised crime.

Between and , a nation coalition led by the United States waged a war against Saddam Hussein 's Iraq, which had invaded and annexed Kuwait.

Throughout the conflict, he appealed to the international community to stop the war, and after it was over led diplomatic initiatives to negotiate peace in the Middle East.

No, never again war, which destroys the lives of innocent people, teaches how to kill, throws into upheaval even the lives of those who do the killing and leaves behind a trail of resentment and hatred, thus making it all the more difficult to find a just solution of the very problems which provoked the war.

Peter's Basilica , John Paul II called for the international community to "lend an ear" to "the long-ignored aspirations of oppressed peoples".

He specifically named the Kurds , a people who were fighting a civil war against Saddam Hussein's troops in Iraq, as one such people, and referred to the war as a "darkness menacing the earth".

During this time, the Vatican had expressed its frustration with the international ignoring of the pope's calls for peace in the Middle East.

John Paul II was the first world leader to describe as genocide the massacre by Hutus of Tutsis in the mostly Catholic country of Rwanda, which started in and reached its height in He called for a ceasefire and condemned the massacres on 10 April and 15 May He told Rwandan and Burundian refugees that he "was close to them and shared their immense pain".

He said:. What is happening in your countries is a terrible tragedy that must end. During the African Synod, we, the pastors of the church, felt the duty to express our consternation and to launch an appeal for forgiveness and reconciliation.

This is the only way to dissipate the threats of ethnocentrism that are hovering over Africa these days and that have so brutally touched Rwanda and Burundi.

In the book, as quoted by Reuters , he wrote: "It is legitimate and necessary to ask oneself if this is not perhaps part of a new ideology of evil, more subtle and hidden, perhaps, intent upon exploiting human rights themselves against man and against the family.

While not neglecting to comment on homosexuality and moral order, the letter issued multiple affirmations of the dignity of homosexual persons. Particular churches.

Philosophy, theology, and fundamental theory of canon law. Juridic and physical persons. Associations of the faithful.

Institute of consecrated life. Society of apostolic life. By the publication of this Code, the canonical ordering of the whole Church is thus at length completed, following as it does It entered into force the first Sunday of the following Advent , [] which was 27 November It is divided into 30 titles and has a total of canons.

It instituted a number of reforms in the process of running the Roman Curia. Pastor bonus laid out in considerable detail the organisation of the Roman Curia, specifying precisely the names and composition of each dicastery, and enumerating the competencies of each dicastery.

He declared the publication to be "a sure norm for teaching the faith … a sure and authentic reference text for teaching Catholic doctrine and particularly for preparing local catechisms".

It was "meant to encourage and assist in the writing of new local catechisms [both applicable and faithful]" rather than replacing them. Pope John Paul II has been credited with inspiring political change that not only led to the collapse of Communism in his native Poland and eventually all of Eastern Europe, but also in many countries ruled by dictators.

The single fact of John Paul II's election in changed everything. In Poland, everything began. Not in East Germany or Czechoslovakia.

Then the whole thing spread. Why in did they lead the way in Gdansk? Why did they decide, now or never? Only because there was a Polish pope.

He was in Chile and Pinochet was out. He was in Haiti and Duvalier was out. He was in the Philippines and Marcos was out. On many of those occasions, people would come here to the Vatican thanking the Holy Father for changing things.

In the words of The New York Times , he used "unusually strong language" to criticise Pinochet and asserted to journalists that the Church in Chile must not only pray, but actively fight for the restoration of democracy in Chile.

The pope confided to a friend: "I received a letter from Pinochet in which he told me that as a Catholic he had listened to my words, he had accepted them, and he had decided to begin the process to change the leadership of his country.

John Paul II visited the Vicariate of Solidarity's offices, spoke with its workers, and "called upon them to continue their work, emphasizing that the Gospel consistently urges respect for human rights".

For instance, he hugged and kissed Carmen Gloria Quintana , a young student who had been nearly burned to death by Chilean police and told her that "We must pray for peace and justice in Chile.

The opposition praised John Paul II for denouncing Pinochet as a "dictator", for many members of Chile's opposition were persecuted for much milder statements.

Bishop Carlos Camus , one of the harshest critics of Pinochet's dictatorship within the Chilean Church, praised John Paul II's stance during the papal visit: "I am quite moved, because our pastor supports us totally.

Never again will anyone be able to say that we are interfering in politics when we defend human dignity. The Pope's visit is a mission, an extraordinary social catechism, and his stay here will be a watershed in Chilean history.

Some have erroneously accused John Paul II of affirming Pinochet's regime by appearing with the Chilean ruler in public.

However, Cardinal Roberto Tucci , the organiser of John Paul II's visits, revealed that Pinochet tricked the pontiff by telling him he would take him to his living room, while in reality he took him to his balcony.

Tucci says that the pontiff was "furious". Yours is a beautiful country, rich in human resources, but Christians cannot be unaware of the injustice, the excessive inequality, the degradation of the quality of life, the misery, the hunger, the fear suffered by the majority of the people.

John Paul II spoke in French and occasionally in Creole, and in the homily outlined the basic human rights that most Haitians lacked: "the opportunity to eat enough, to be cared for when ill, to find housing, to study, to overcome illiteracy, to find worthwhile and properly paid work; all that provides a truly human life for men and women, for young and old.

Shortly before leaving Haiti, John Paul II called for social change in Haiti by saying: "Lift up your heads, be conscious of your dignity of men created in God's image John Paul II's visit inspired massive protests against the Duvalier dictatorship.

In response to the visit, Catholic priests and Church workers signed a statement committing the Church to work on behalf of the poor. Politics has a fundamental ethical dimension because it is first and foremost a service to man.

The Church can and must remind men—and in particular those who govern—of their ethical duties for the good of the whole of society. The Church cannot be isolated inside its temples just as men's consciences cannot be isolated from God.

Later, during a Mass, Pope John Paul II criticised the regime for impoverishing the peasants and the unemployed, saying that the government must give people greater access to the land.

Although Stroessner tried to prevent him from doing so, Pope John Paul II met opposition leaders in the one-party state.

By the late s the dissolution of the Soviet Union had been predicted by some observers. Nobody knew how to get rid of Communism.

In Warsaw , in , he simply said: 'Do not be afraid', and later prayed: 'Let your Spirit descend and change the image of the land … this land'.

In President Ronald Reagan opened diplomatic relations with the Vatican for the first time since In sharp contrast to the long history of strong domestic opposition, this time there was very little opposition from Congress, the courts, and Protestant groups.

Perhaps most surprisingly, the papers show that, as late as , the pope did not believe the Communist Polish government could be changed.

No one can prove conclusively that he was a primary cause of the end of communism. I would argue the historical case in three steps: without the Polish Pope, no Solidarity revolution in Poland in ; without Solidarity, no dramatic change in Soviet policy towards eastern Europe under Gorbachev; without that change, no velvet revolutions in The president read the citation that accompanied the medal, which recognised "this son of Poland" whose "principled stand for peace and freedom has inspired millions and helped to topple communism and tyranny".

In Poland's Communist government unsuccessfully tried to humiliate John Paul II by falsely saying he had fathered an illegitimate child.

At the World Day of Prayer for Peace , held in Assisi on 27 October , more than representatives of different religions and denominations spent a day of fasting and prayer.

He said that he was disappointed by the Church of England's decision to ordain women and saw it as a step away from unity between the Anglican Communion and the Catholic Church.

He says:. It seems that those who practice them are particularly close to Christianity, and among them, the Church's missionaries also find it easier to speak a common language.

Is there, perhaps, in this veneration of ancestors a kind of preparation for the Christian faith in the Communion of Saints, in which all believers—whether living or dead—form a single community, a single body?

In , the pope visited the African country of Togo , where 60 per cent of the population espouses animist beliefs.

To honour the pope, animist religious leaders met him at a Catholic Marian shrine in the forest, much to the pontiff's delight.

John Paul II proceeded to call for the need for religious tolerance, praised nature, and emphasised common elements between animism and Christianity, saying:.

Nature, exuberant and splendid in this area of forests and lakes, impregnates spirits and hearts with its mystery and orients them spontaneously toward the mystery of He who is the author of life.

It is this religious sentiment that animates you and one can say that animates all of your compatriots. Meanwhile, the pope gave Karekin the relics of St.

Gregory the Illuminator , the first head of the Armenian Church that had been kept in Naples , Italy , for years. Gregory the Illuminator Cathedral in Yerevan.

The two Church leaders signed a declaration remembering the victims of the Armenian genocide. The two men held many similar views and understood similar plights, both coming from nations affected by Communism and both serving as heads of major religious bodies.

In particular I express my highest regard for the followers of Buddhism, the majority religion in Sri Lanka, with its … four great values of … loving kindness, compassion, sympathetic joy and equanimity; with its ten transcendental virtues and the joys of the Sangha expressed so beautifully in the Theragathas.

I ardently hope that my visit will serve to strengthen the goodwill between us, and that it will reassure everyone of the Catholic Church's desire for interreligious dialogue and cooperation in building a more just and fraternal world.

To everyone I extend the hand of friendship, recalling the splendid words of the Dhammapada : "Better than a thousand useless words is one single word that gives peace This was the first time a pope had visited a predominantly Eastern Orthodox country since the Great Schism in For many years, John Paul II sought to facilitate dialogue and unity stating as early as in Euntes in mundum , "Europe has two lungs, it will never breathe easily until it uses both of them.

Christodoulos read a list of "13 offences" of the Catholic Church against the Eastern Orthodox Church since the Great Schism, [] including the pillaging of Constantinople by crusaders in , and bemoaned the lack of apology from the Catholic Church, saying "Until now, there has not been heard a single request for pardon" for the "maniacal crusaders of the 13th century".

The pope responded by saying "For the occasions past and present, when sons and daughters of the Catholic Church have sinned by action or omission against their Orthodox brothers and sisters, may the Lord grant us forgiveness", to which Christodoulos immediately applauded.

They issued a 'common declaration', saying. We condemn all recourse to violence, proselytism and fanaticism , in the name of religion.

The two leaders then said the Lord's Prayer together, breaking an Orthodox taboo against praying with Catholics. The pope had said throughout his pontificate that one of his greatest dreams was to visit Russia, but this never occurred.

He attempted to solve the problems that had arisen over centuries between the Catholic and Russian Orthodox churches, and in gave them a copy of the lost icon of Our Lady of Kazan.

On 6 May , he became the first Catholic pope to enter and pray in a mosque, namely the Umayyad Mosque in Damascus , Syria.

Respectfully removing his shoes, he entered the former Byzantine era Christian church dedicated to John the Baptist , who is also revered as a prophet of Islam.

He gave a speech including the statement:. He kissed the Qur'an in Syria, an act that made him popular among Muslims but that disturbed many Catholics.

He praised Mohandas Gandhi for his "unshakeable faith in God", assured the Jains that the Catholic Church will continue to engage in dialogue with their religion and spoke of the common need to aid the poor.

The Jain leaders were impressed with the pope's "transparency and simplicity", and the meeting received much attention in the Gujarat state in western India, home to many Jains.

Israeli cabinet minister Rabbi Michael Melchior , who hosted the pope's visit, said he was "very moved" by the pope's gesture. It was beyond history, beyond memory.

We are deeply saddened by the behaviour of those who in the course of history have caused these children of yours to suffer, and asking your forgiveness we wish to commit ourselves to genuine brotherhood with the people of the Covenant.

Immediately after John Paul II's death, the ADL said in a statement that he had revolutionised Catholic-Jewish relations, saying, "more change for the better took place in his year Papacy than in the nearly 2, years before.

He achieved far more in terms of transforming relations with both the Jewish people and the State of Israel than any other figure in the history of the Catholic Church.

With Judaism, therefore, we have a relationship which we do not have with any other religion. You are our dearly beloved brothers, and in a certain way, it could be said that you are our elder brothers.

In an interview with the Polish Press Agency, Michael Schudrich , chief rabbi of Poland, said that never in history did anyone do as much for Christian-Jewish dialogue as Pope John Paul II, adding that many Jews had a greater respect for the late pope than for some rabbis.

Schudrich praised John Paul II for condemning anti-Semitism as a sin, which no previous pope had done. In the stormy history of relations between Roman popes and Jews in the ghetto in which they were closed for over three centuries in humiliating circumstances, John Paul II is a bright figure in his uniqueness.

In relations between our two great religions in the new century that was stained with bloody wars and the plague of racism, the heritage of John Paul II remains one of the few spiritual islands guaranteeing survival and human progress.

In Mainz , he met with leaders of the Evangelical Church in Germany , and with representatives of other Christian denominations.

In addition to celebrating Mass with Catholic believers, he participated in ecumenical services at places that had been Catholic shrines before the Reformation: Nidaros Cathedral in Norway; near St.

The signing was a fruit of a theological dialogue that had been going on between the LWF and the Vatican since As he entered St.

On the way to the hospital, he lost consciousness. Even though the two bullets missed his mesenteric artery and abdominal aorta , he lost nearly three-quarters of his blood.

He underwent five hours of surgery to treat his wounds. Could I forget that the event in St. For in everything that happened to me on that very day, I felt that extraordinary motherly protection and care, which turned out to be stronger than the deadly bullet.

He was sentenced to life imprisonment. I spoke to him as a brother whom I have pardoned and who has my complete trust.

Numerous other theories were advanced to explain the assassination attempt, some of them controversial.

One such theory, advanced by Michael Ledeen and heavily pushed by the United States Central Intelligence Agency at the time of the assassination but never substantiated by evidence, was that the Soviet Union was behind the attempt on John Paul II's life in retaliation for the pope's support of Solidarity, the Catholic, pro-democratic Polish workers' movement.

On 15 January a suicide bomber was planning to dress as a priest and detonate a bomb when the pope passed in his motorcade on his way to the San Carlos Seminary in Makati City.

The assassination was supposed to divert attention from the next phase of the operation. However, a chemical fire inadvertently started by the cell alerted police to their whereabouts, and all were arrested a week before the pope's visit, and confessed to the plot.

There is wide speculation that they were, in reality, KGB agents. John Paul II apologised to many groups that had suffered at the hands of the Catholic Church through the years.

As pope, he officially made public apologies for over wrongdoings, including: [] [] [] []. On 20 November , from a laptop in the Vatican, Pope John Paul II sent his first e-mail apologising for the Catholic sex abuse cases , the Church-backed " Stolen Generations " of Aboriginal children in Australia, and to China for the behaviour of Catholic missionaries in colonial times.

When he became pope in at the age of 58, John Paul II was an avid sportsman. He was extremely healthy and active, jogging in the Vatican gardens , weight training, swimming, and hiking in the mountains.

He was fond of football. The only modern pope with a fitness regimen had been Pope Pius XI — , who was an avid mountaineer. However, after over twenty-five years as pope, two assassination attempts, one of which injured him severely, and a number of cancer scares, John Paul's physical health declined.

In he was diagnosed as suffering from Parkinson's disease. Despite difficulty speaking more than a few sentences at a time, trouble hearing , and severe osteoarthrosis , he continued to tour the world although rarely walking in public.

Pope John Paul II was hospitalised with breathing problems caused by a bout of influenza on 1 February On 31 March , following a urinary tract infection , [] he developed septic shock , a form of infection with a high fever and low blood pressure , but was not hospitalised.

Instead, he was monitored by a team of consultants at his private residence. This was taken as an indication by the pope, and those close to him, that he was nearing death; it would have been in accordance with his wishes to die in the Vatican.

The day before his death, one of his closest personal friends, Anna-Teresa Tymieniecka visited him at his bedside.

Tens of thousands of people assembled and held vigil in St. Peter's Square and the surrounding streets for two days.

Upon hearing of this, the dying pope was said to have stated: "I have searched for you, and now you have come to me, and I thank you.

Present at the bedside was a cardinal from Ukraine, who served as a priest with John Paul in Poland, along with Polish nuns of the Congregation of the Sisters Servants of the Most Sacred Heart of Jesus, who ran the papal household.

Pope John Paul II died in his private apartment at CEST UTC of heart failure from profound hypotension and complete circulatory collapse from septic shock, 46 days before his 85th birthday.

The death of the pontiff set in motion rituals and traditions dating back to medieval times. Peter's Basilica.

John Paul II's testament, published on 7 April , [] revealed that the pontiff contemplated being buried in his native Poland but left the final decision to The College of Cardinals, which in passing, preferred burial beneath St.

Peter's Basilica, honouring the pontiff's request to be placed "in bare earth". The Requiem Mass held on 8 April was said to have set world records both for attendance and number of heads of state present at a funeral.

It was the single largest gathering of heads of state up to that time, surpassing the funerals of Winston Churchill and Josip Broz Tito Four kings, five queens, at least 70 presidents and prime ministers, and more than 14 leaders of other religions attended.

The alcove had been empty since John XXIII's remains had been moved into the main body of the basilica after his beatification.

Upon the death of John Paul II, a number of clergy at the Vatican and laymen [91] [] [] began referring to the late pontiff as "John Paul the Great" — in theory only the fourth pope to be so acclaimed.

Scholars of canon law say that there is no official process for declaring a pope "Great"; the title simply establishes itself through popular and continued usage, [] [] [] as was the case with celebrated secular leaders for example, Alexander III of Macedon became popularly known as Alexander the Great.

Inspired by calls of "Santo Subito! Peter's Square. In early , it was reported that the Vatican was investigating a possible miracle associated with John Paul II.

Sister Marie Simon-Pierre , a French nun and member of the Congregation of Little Sisters of Catholic Maternity Wards, confined to her bed by Parkinson's disease, [] [] was reported to have experienced a "complete and lasting cure after members of her community prayed for the intercession of Pope John Paul II".

During his homily , he encouraged prayers for the early canonisation of John Paul II and stated that he hoped canonisation would happen "in the near future".

Following a ceremony on 2 April —the second anniversary of the Pontiff's death—the cause proceeded to the scrutiny of the committee of lay, clerical, and episcopal members of the Vatican's Congregation for the Causes of Saints , to conduct a separate investigation.

On leaving St. Peter's Basilica, the boy told them, "I want to walk," and began walking normally. Once the second decree is signed, the positio the report on the cause, with documentation about his life and writings and with information on the cause is complete.

As Monsignor Oder said, this course would have been possible if the second decree were signed in time by Benedict XVI, stating that a posthumous miracle directly attributable to his intercession had occurred, completing the positio.

Peter's Basilica ahead of his beatification, as tens of thousands of people arrived in Rome for one of the biggest events since his funeral.

Peter's Square on 1 May Sebastian , where Pope Innocent XI was buried. Antonio Schlesinger Piedrahita, a renowned neurologist in Colombia, certified Fidel's healing.

The documentation was then sent to the Vatican office for sainthood causes. To be eligible for canonisation being declared a saint by the Catholic Church, two miracles must be attributed to a candidate.

According to an article on the Catholic News Service CNS dated 23 April , a Vatican commission of doctors concluded that a healing had no natural medical explanation, which is the first requirement for a claimed miracle to be officially documented.

The second miracle was deemed to have taken place shortly after the late pope's beatification on 1 May ; it was reported to be the healing of Costa Rican woman Floribeth Mora of an otherwise terminal brain aneurysm.

On 4 July , Pope Francis confirmed his approval of John Paul II's canonisation, formally recognising the second miracle attributed to his intercession.

About cardinals and bishops concelebrated the Mass, and at least , people attended the Mass, with an estimated , others watching from video screens placed around Rome.

It currently awaits the approval from the Holy See to open the diocesan phase of the cause. John Paul II was widely criticised for a variety of his views, including his opposition to the ordination of women and use of contraception , [22] [] his support for the Second Vatican Council and its reform of the liturgy , and his response to child sexual abuse within the Church.

John Paul II was criticised by representatives of the victims of clergy sexual abuse [] for failing to respond quickly enough to the Catholic sex abuse crisis.

In his response, he stated that "there is no place in the priesthood and religious life for those who would harm the young.

In April , John Paul II, despite being frail from Parkinson's disease, summoned all the American cardinals to the Vatican to discuss possible solutions to the issue of sexual abuse in the American Church.

He asked them to "diligently investigate accusations". John Paul II suggested that American bishops be more open and transparent in dealing with such scandals and emphasised the role of seminary training to prevent sexual deviance among future priests.

In what The New York Times called "unusually direct language", John Paul condemned the arrogance of priests that led to the scandals:.

Priests and candidates for the priesthood often live at a level both materially and educationally superior to that of their families and the members of their own age group.

It is therefore very easy for them to succumb to the temptation of thinking of themselves as better than others.

When this happens, the ideal of priestly service and self-giving dedication can fade, leaving the priest dissatisfied and disheartened. The pope read a statement intended for the American cardinals, calling the sex abuse "an appalling sin" and said the priesthood had no room for such men.

The panel of experts overwhelmingly opposed implementation of policies of "zero-tolerance" such as was proposed by the US Conference of Catholic Bishops.

One expert called such policies a "case of overkill" since they do not permit flexibility to allow for differences among individual cases.

Law had previously resigned as archbishop of Boston in in response to the Catholic Church sexual abuse cases after Church documents were revealed that suggested he had covered up sexual abuse committed by priests in his archdiocese.

However, Maciel's trial began in during the pontificate of John Paul II, but the Pope died before it ended and the conclusions were known.

And he was accused repeatedly of taking a soft hand with them, especially in the case of Marcial Maciel , founder of the Legion of Christ.

Pope John Paul was alleged to have links with Banco Ambrosiano , an Italian bank that collapsed in Ambrosiano also provided funds for political parties in Italy, and for both the Somoza dictatorship in Nicaragua and its Sandinista opposition.

It has been widely alleged that the Vatican Bank provided money for Solidarity in Poland. Calvi used his complex network of overseas banks and companies to move money out of Italy, to inflate share prices, and to arrange massive unsecured loans.

In , the Bank of Italy produced a report on Ambrosiano that predicted future disaster. In addition to all the criticism from those demanding modernisation, some Traditionalist Catholics denounced him as well.

These issues included demanding a return to the Tridentine Mass [] and repudiation of the reforms instituted after the Second Vatican Council, such as the use of the vernacular language in the formerly Latin Roman Rite Mass, ecumenism , and the principle of religious liberty.

Pius X , was excommunicated under John Paul II because of the unapproved ordination of four bishops, which Cardinal Ratzinger called a "schismatic act".

The World Day of Prayer for Peace , [] with a meeting in Assisi, Italy, in , in which the pope prayed only with the Christians, [] was criticised for giving the impression that syncretism and indifferentism were openly embraced by the Papal Magisterium.

Markus Julius 1. Liberius Felix 2. Ursinus m Siricius Anastasius 1. Innocens 1. Bonifatius 1. Eulalius m Celestin 1. Sixtus Xystus 3. Leo 1. Gelasius 1.

Anastasius 2. Symmachus Laurentius m Hormisdas Johannes 1. Felix 3. Bonifatius 2. Dioskur m Johannes 2. Agapetus Agapit 1. Sylverius Vigilius Pelagius 1.

Johannes 3. Benedikt 1. Pelagius 2. Gregor 1. Bonifatius 4. Deusdedit Bonifatius 5. Honorius 1.

Severinus Johannes 4. Teodor 1. Martin 1. Eugenius 1. Vitalian Adeodat Donus Agatho Leo 2. Benedikt 2. Johannes 5.

Konon Teodor 2. Johannes 6. Johannes 7. Sisinnius Konstantin 1. Gregor 2. Gregor 3. Zacharias Stefan 2. Paul 1. Konstantin 2. Hadrian 1.

Leo 3. Stefan 4. Paschalis 1. Eugenius 2. Valentin Gregor 4. Sergius 2. Leo 4. Benedikt 3. Anastasius 3.

Johannes 8. Marinus 1. Hadrian 3. Stefan 5. Formosus Bonifatius 6. Stefan 6. Romanus Teodor 2. Johannes 9.

Benedikt 4. Leo 5. Christoforus m Sergius 3. Lando Johannes Leo 6. Stefan 7. Johannes 1. Leo 7. Stefan 8. Marinus 2. Agapetus 2.

Johannes Anna Elisabeth Paul. Anna Kunigunda Paul. Johannes Paul. Nicolaus Paul. Ottilia Henning. Anna Margaretha Zinkhan. Margaretha Paul.

Ottilla Paul. Johann Martin Paul. Anna Kunigunda Leipold. Birth of Johannes Paul. Baptism of Johannes Paul. Birth of Anna Kunigunda Paul.

Birth of Anna Elisabeth Paul. Birth of Ottilia Henning. Birth of Nicolaus Paul. Birth of Anna Margaretha Zinkhan.

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